1. **Skin Irritation and Allergies**: Flea bites can cause significant itching and irritation. Some dogs develop flea allergy dermatitis (FAD), where their immune system reacts strongly to flea saliva, leading to intense itching, redness, and sometimes secondary infections due to scratching.
2. **Anemia**: In severe infestations, fleas can consume a considerable amount of blood, leading to anemia, especially in puppies or small dogs. Symptoms of anemia include lethargy, pale gums, and weakness.
3. **Tapeworms**: Fleas can carry tapeworm larvae. If a dog ingests a flea while grooming itself, it can become infected with tapeworms, which can lead to digestive problems and weight loss.
4. **Flea-Borne Diseases**: Fleas can transmit various diseases, such as Bartonella (which can cause fever and lethargy) and the bubonic plague in rare cases. While this is more common in certain areas, it’s still a risk to be aware of.
To protect your dog from fleas, consider the following tips:
- **Regular Flea Prevention**: Use veterinarian-recommended flea prevention products, such as topical treatments, oral medications, or collars.
- **Maintain Cleanliness**: Regularly vacuum your home and wash your dog’s bedding to remove flea eggs and larvae.
- **Check for Fleas**: Regularly inspect your dog’s coat, especially around the neck and base of the tail, for signs of fleas or flea dirt (small black specks).
- **Consult Your Vet**: If you suspect your dog has fleas, consult your veterinarian for appropriate treatment options and advice.
By taking these steps, you can help keep your dog healthy and free from the harmful effects of fleas.
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