1. **Core Vaccines**: These are essential for all dogs, regardless of their lifestyle or location:
- **Rabies**: Required by law in many areas, rabies vaccination is crucial for both your dog's safety and public health. It is typically administered at around 12-16 weeks of age, with a booster every 1 to 3 years depending on local regulations.
- **Distemper**: A highly contagious viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems. The first dose is usually given at 6-8 weeks, followed by boosters until the dog is 16 weeks old.
- **Parvovirus**: A severe gastrointestinal disease that can be deadly, especially in puppies. Like distemper, it is part of the combination vaccine (DHP or DHPP) given in the same schedule.
- **Adenovirus (Canine Hepatitis)**: This vaccine protects against infectious canine hepatitis and is also included in the DHP combination vaccine.
2. **Non-Core Vaccines**: These are recommended based on the dog's lifestyle, risk of exposure, and geographical location:
- **Bordetella (Kennel Cough)**: Recommended for dogs that are frequently around other dogs, such as those that visit dog parks or boarding facilities. It can be given as a nasal spray or injection.
- **Lyme Disease**: Important for dogs living in or traveling to areas where Lyme disease is prevalent, especially if they are exposed to ticks.
- **Leptospirosis**: Recommended for dogs that may be exposed to contaminated water or wildlife, as this bacterial infection can affect both dogs and humans.
- **Canine Influenza**: This vaccine is recommended for dogs that are at risk of exposure, particularly in crowded settings.
3. **Puppy Vaccination Schedule**: Puppies typically receive a series of vaccinations starting at 6-8 weeks of age, with boosters every 3-4 weeks until they are about 16 weeks old. The typical schedule includes:
- 6-8 weeks: DHP, Bordetella (if needed)
- 10-12 weeks: DHP, Bordetella (if needed), Leptospirosis (if needed)
- 14-16 weeks: DHP, Rabies, Lyme (if needed)
4. **Adult Dog Vaccination**: After the initial puppy series, adult dogs should receive boosters for core vaccines every 1 to 3 years, depending on the vaccine type and local regulations.
5. **Consult Your Veterinarian**: It's essential to work closely with your veterinarian to determine the best vaccination plan for your dog, considering factors such as age, health status, lifestyle, and local disease prevalence.
In summary, keeping your dog up to date on vaccinations is vital for their health and the health of other pets and people around them.
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