Heartworm disease is a serious and potentially fatal condition caused by parasitic worms that live in the heart and blood vessels of infected dogs. Treatment for heartworm is complex and should always be carried out under the supervision of a veterinarian. Here’s a detailed overview of the treatment process:

1. **Diagnosis**: Before treatment, a veterinarian will confirm heartworm infection through blood tests, which check for the presence of heartworm antigens or microfilariae (immature heartworms).

2. **Pre-Treatment Evaluation**: Dogs diagnosed with heartworm disease will undergo a thorough examination, including blood tests and possibly X-rays, to assess the severity of the infection and the health of the heart and lungs.

3. **Stabilization**: If a dog shows signs of advanced disease (like coughing, difficulty breathing, or lethargy), the vet may recommend treating those symptoms first. This could include medications to reduce inflammation and improve heart function.

4. **Adulticide Treatment**: The primary treatment for adult heartworms is an injectable medication called melarsomine. This is administered in a series of injections, usually over a period of a few weeks. The first injection is given in the lumbar region (lower back), followed by two additional injections given 24 hours apart, typically in the same area.

5. **Microfilaricide Treatment**: After the adult worms are treated, a veterinarian may also prescribe medications to kill the microfilariae in the bloodstream. This is usually done a few weeks after the adulticide treatment.

6. **Strict Exercise Restriction**: During treatment and recovery, it’s crucial to keep the dog calm and restrict exercise. This helps prevent the risk of complications, such as an embolism, which can occur when dead worms break apart and travel through the bloodstream.

7. **Follow-Up Care**: After treatment, follow-up visits are necessary to monitor the dog’s recovery. This may include additional blood tests to ensure that all heartworms have been eliminated.

8. **Preventive Care**: Once treated, it’s essential to keep your dog on a heartworm preventive medication to protect against future infections. This is typically given monthly, and there are several options available, including chewable tablets and topical treatments.

Remember, early detection and treatment are key to successfully managing heartworm disease in dogs. Regular veterinary check-ups and preventive measures can help keep your furry friend safe from this serious condition.

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Dog Health Veterinary Care Treatment Heartworm Dog Disease